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Guide: Tic-Tac-Toe

Introduction

Tic Tac Toe is a two-player, turn-based game played on a 3x3 grid. Each player is either an “X” or an “O”. The objective of the game is for a player to get three of their symbols (e.g., “X” or “O”) in a row horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. The first player to achieve this objective wins the game; however, if all cells are filled and neither player has achieved three in a row, then the game ends in a draw. Read through the following prerequisites and instructions for further detail.

Prerequisites

  • sheet of paper
  • writing utensils

Instructions

  1. Draw a 3x3 grid on a piece of paper as shown in the figure below.

    3x3 Grid

  2. Decide which player will be “X” and which player will be “O”.

  3. Flip a coin to determine which player has the first turn.

  4. Take turns marking one empty cell at a time with the player’s respective symbol.

    Note

    Plan moves that either result in getting three in a row or that block an oppenent from doing so; see Appendix A for more details.

  5. Play until a player wins or there is a draw.

    Note

    A player wins by achieving three of their symbols in a row horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. The game ends in a draw if neither player achieves three in a row and there are no open spaces left on the grid.

  6. Return to step 1 to play again.

Appendix A

Strategy Details Example
Take the center During the first turn, a player should place their symbol in the center square. This gives them the most opportunities to achieve three in a row.
Block an opponent’s win A player can block an opponent from achieving three in a row by prioritizing blocking their moves over creating winning combinations.
Create forks Forks occur when a player has two potential winning combinations on the board. The opponent can only block one combination, thus giving the player the opportunity to win on their next turn.
Watch for two-in-a-row A player should look for opportunities to create two-in-a-row patterns to pressure their opponent into blocking their next move. This can allow the player to set up future winning moves.
Control the corners Occupying a corner square gives the most flexibility and control over the board; forks can be created more easily.
Stay flexible A player should adapt their strategy based on the game’s progression and their opponent’s moves to maintain control of the board. N/A
Sign-off Date Name
07/10/2024 Mickey Mouse